^l 

^s 






LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



ShelfJa-bT.. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERIOA. 



THE SCHOOL BULLETIN PUBLICATIONS. 



Adams. New Wall Map of the State of New York, 68x74 inches, cloth 10 00 

Agsilite Slating for Black-boards. To cover 50 feet, one coat, POST-PAID. 1 00 
Aids to School Discipline, containing 80 Certificates, 120 Checks, 200 

Cards, 100 Merits. Per box 1 25 

Supplied separately; per 100 Merits. 15 cts; Half Merits, 15 cts; Cards, 
15cts; Checks, 40; Certificates, 50 cts. 
Ail" Test Bottles, for determining mechanically the amount of Carbonic 

Acid in the atmosphere of a room. Per set of 3, in cloth case i 00 

Alden (Joseph) First Principles of Political Economy. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 153. 75 
Bales (C. R.) The Diacritical Speller. A practical course of exercise in 

Spelling and Pronunciation. 8vo, pp. 68 50 

Bardeen (C. W) Common School Law. A digest of statute and common 
law as to the relation of the Teacher to the Pupil, the Parent, and the 
District. With 500 references to legal decisions in 28 different States. 
14th Edition wholly re-writteu, with references to the Code of 1888. 

Cloth. 16mo, pp. 120 75 

-. — Roderick Hume. The story of a New York Teacher. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 295. 1 20 

'Verbal Pitfalls. A manual of 1500 misused words. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 295. . . 75 

Some Facts about our Public Schools. 8vo. pp. 32 25 

'Educational Journalism. 8vo, pp. 30 25 

'Teaching as a Business for Men. 8vo, pp 20 25 

4rhe Teacher'' s Commercial Value. 8vo, pp . 20 25 

Dime Question Book on Temperance. Itimo. pp. 40 10 

'A Brhf Geography of Onondaga County. 16mo. pp. 48, with Map 25 

<The School Bulletin Year Book. Educational directory of New York 

State for 1885. 16mo. interleaved, pp. 160 1 00 

Bassett (J. A.) Latitude, Lo7igitude and Time, with over 100 illustrative 

questions and examples. iManiila, Ifimo. pp. 48 25 

Beebe (Levi N.) First Steps among Figures. Grube Method. Teacher's 

Edition. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 326 1 00 

Pupils' Edition. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 140 45 

Blanchard (Rufus) Tablet of United States Hist/yry, with map of United 

States on back 3 00 

Bradford ( W. H.) Thirty Possible Problems in Percentage. 16mo, pp. 34 . . . 25 

Brown (C. J.) Writing Portfolio. Five numbers, each. .- 25 

Brown (Josephine K.) Keble Outlines of Geography. Adapted to any text- 
book 16mo, pp. 59 25 

Brown (I. H.) Common School Examiner and Review. Pp. 371 1 00 

Brownell (Herbert) Handbook for School Trustees. A manual of School 

liaw for School Officers, Teachers, and Parents. Leatherette, 16mo, pp. 100 35 
Buclcham Henry B.) Handbook for Young Teachers. First Steps. Cloth, 

16mo, pp. 152 75 

Bugbee, (A. J ) Exercises in English Syntax. Leatherette, 16mo, pp. 85.. 35 

Bulletin Blank Speller. Boards, 5M x T^/i, round corners, pp. 40 15 

— Spelling Pads, 70 pages. Each 15 

Book-Keeping Blanlis. Day-Book, Journal, Ledger, Cash-Book, Sales- 
Book. In sets or singly. Press -board, 7x81^, pp. -23. Each 15 

Composition Book. Manilla, 7x9, pp. 44 15 

'Class Register. Designed by Edward Smith, Superintendent of Schools, 

Syracuse, N. Y. Press-board cover. Three Sizes, (a) 6x7, for terms of 
twenty weeks (b) 5x7, for terms of fourteen weeks. When not other- 
wise specified this size is always sent. Pp.48 25 

(c) Like ( b) but with one-half more i72) pages. 85 

ScJiool Rtiler, Two Styles, (a) Manilla, (b) Card-board. Each per 100, . 1 00 

Pencil Sharpener (by mail 10 cts ) 05 

Burchard (O. R.) Two Months in Europe. Paper, l6mo, pp. 168 50 

Burritt (J. L.) Hfnv to Teach Penmanship in Public Schools. 12mo, pp. 62 

and chart 60 

Carbonic Acid Bottles, per set of three, in neat wooden box 1 00 

Catalogue of 3500 Books for Teachers. 8vo, pp. 72 25 

Chart of L,ife Series of " Physiology Charts. Per set of four 12 50 

The -Same, on spring rollers 18 00 

Cheney (F.) A Globe Manual for Schools. Boards. 16mo, pp.95 50 

Code of Public Instruction, State of New York, 1888, pp. 1075, net 4 00 

Colored Crayon, for Blackboard, per box of one dozen, nine colors 25 

Collins (Henry.) The International Date Line. Paper, 16mo, pp.15 15 

Comenius, Orbis Pictus. Reprint, with photographic reproduction of the 
more than 150 orighial cuts. Cloth, 12mo, large paper, top edge gilt. 
Pp.232 3 00 



C. W. 15AUDEKN, rUBLISHER, SYRACUSE. N. Y. 



Comfort ((Jeo. K.) Moilern Languaucs in Education. Paper, 16mo, pp,40. 25 
ConHtitutioiiM, United States ami New York. Flexible clolli, 121110, pp. 82. 2.^ 

Cooke (SiMiiev C.) Pnlitics cind Schnnh. Paper. 8vo, pp. 23 26 

Crulj; ( .\s;i 11.) 'rin-'Conimnn Sr/ioo/ Quetttioii Hook. Cloth, 12mo, pp. 310. 1 50 

Cube ICoot ItlockH, carried to 3 places 1 00 

Davis (W. \V.) S iiujcst ions for Ttaching Fra^'tions. Paper, 12iiio, pp.43.. 25 

*Fnirtio/i(ilAi>pU(itu.-<, in Uo\ 4 ()0 

DeGran* (K. V.) rractwal Phonics. Cloth, 12ino, pp. 108 75 

Porlitl Pronnnciotion llmk. Manilla, lt5ino.pp.47 15 

The School-Liooni (iniile. Thirhcnth Kdilion. Cloth, l2mo, pp. 449.... 1 r.O 

Drvrlflftnunt Ltssiois. Cloth. 8vo.. pp. :<01 1 50 

The. .s'<»/i(/ liudyit. Paper, small 4to, pp. 7fi. Vluth thoiusmid 15 

The Srhonl-Iioiiin ('honu<. A collection of 'J(Ki Son;^s, suital)le for 

Public and Private Schools. Poards. small tto. pp. 147 85 

('nlisfhniics and IHscifiUnary Errrciscs. Manilla, lOmo, pp. 39 '25 

Dickinson (.1. W.) lAmds nf Oral Teaching. Paper. 8vo, pp.8 15 

Diplomas, printed to order rr»)m any ilesign furnished. Si)eciniens sent. 

(ri) Boiui paper, 14x17, for 25 5 00 

" .'0 G50 

(/») ** " 16\'20, " 25 5 .'jO 

" 50 7 50 

(c) Parchment. 15x20 " 5 6 00 

Kach additional copy 75 

K<lnrati«)n ax Virirrd /»// Thinkers. Paper. Itimo, i)p. 47 15 

KlocutionisCs Annual. Paper, I'Jmo, jtp. 200. 14 nuini>ers, cac/i 30 

Kuu>rson (H. W) Latin in High Schools. Paper, 8vo, pp. 9 25 

Farnhauk ((Jeo. L.) The Sentence Method of teachinji KeadiiiK, Writing, 

and Spcllinj;. A Manual for Teachers. Cloth, 12m(), pp. 50 50 

Fitch (.loshnaCJ.) The Art of QneslUyning. Paper, 12mo, pp. 36 ■ 15 

The Art of Stcuring Attention. Paper, Irtmo, pp. 43. Second Edition.. 15 

Lfcture-H mi Tra'hing, Reading CW> Edition. Cloth, 12mo, pp. 436, net. 1 00 

Gill (.lolin.) [ntrodurloru Text-Book to School Education, Slethod, and 

Srhon} Managrtnent. 44tb Thousand. 16ino, pj). 276 1 00 

Hailmann (A'. N.) KindirgartenManiuil. Primary Helps. Boards, Svo, 

pp. .'>H. 14 colored plates 75 

7'hr Xeu- EiludUion. A summary of Kindergarten Principles and 

Methods. Hvo, pp. 146. Two series. Kach ... 2 00 

Hallow (\V. P.) An Introduetion to Early Englinh Literature, trom the 

Lay of lieowulf to Kdward Spenser. Cloth. 16mo. pp. 138 75 

Harris, ( \V. T.) How to Teach Natural Science in the Public Schools. Paper, 

161110. pp. 4!) 15 

HeermauH (Forbes.) Thirteen Stories of the Far West. Clotli, 16mo, 

PP 2'>(l 1 50 

Hendrick (Mary F.) A series of Questions in English and American 

Literdure. Hoards, 12mo, pp. 100. interleaved 35 

Hoose (James It.) Studies in Articulation. Cloth. 16mo, i)p. 70 5C 

On the Province of Afcthods of Teaching. Cloth. 16mo. pi). 376 1 00 

Pfstatozzion Series of Arithmetics. First -Year Arithmetic, 1e-AC,\\QT'i<' 

Manual and l-'irst-Year Text-Pook for pui»ils in the first grade, llrst 

year, »»f pul>lic schools. Hased upon Pestulozzi's method of teaching 

elementary number, lioards. l6mo, pj). 217 50 

Pufiils" 'Edition. Hoards, 16mo, pp. 156 35 

Hornstone Slating, the best crayon surface made. Per gallon 10 00 

Huj^hes (.Fames L.) MiHtakey< in Teaching. Cloth, Ifimo, pp. 135 50 

Hnirtn Secure an<i Retain Attention. Cloth, Kimo, pp. 98 50 

Huntin);;ton (lU. Rev. F. I).) U ncon.^citnu* Tuition. Papi>r, Ifimo, pp. 15. .. 15 

Hutton (II 11.) .1 ^f a nual of Mensuration. Hoards. 12nio. pj). 16H 50 

.lackson ( i:. P.) CI a.'<s- Record Cards. 90 white and 10 colored cards 50 

John-on's Cliort nf Astronomy. On blue enamelled cloth, 40x46 inches 3 50 

JolinHton'ii Wall .Maps. Send for Circulars. 

Keller (C.) Monthly Rrfinrl Cards. 2'ixl inclies. Per hundred 100 

K<Mine<ly (.(nhn.) The Pliilomjihy of School Di.<cipline. 16mo, pp. 23.. . 15 

I.amlon (.los ) School Managrment. I'imo. i)p. 376 125 

l.at nam (Henry ) <)n the Actiim of E.mminatitms. 12mo, pp. 400 150 

Lawriuice ( K. C.) Recreations in Ancimt Fiehls. Cloth, 12mo, pp. 177. .. 100 
I.owrledl.W.) How toohtain Oreittest Renrfit from a Hook. Paper, Hvo. pp.12 25 
Marble (A. P.) Powers and Duties of School Officers. Paper, Iflmo, 

pp. ^7 ; 15 



ii^ 



BRIEF VIEWS 



OF 



UNITED STATES HISTORY, 



FOll THE USK OF 



HIGH SCHOOLS and academies. 



BY 



ANNA M. JULIAND, 



PRINCIPAL OF HIGH SCHOOL, WHITEHALL, N. Y. 




J I ' i_ t ; '<■•.■) 



S.J^na .> 



SYRACUSE, N. Y. : 
C. VV. BARDEEN, PUBLISHER, 

1888. 



Copyright, 1888, by C. W. Bardeen. 



t- 'rs 



THE SCHOOL BULLETIN PUBLICATIONS. 



Helps in Teaching History. • 

1. A Thousand Questions in American History. IGmo, cloth, pp. 247. 
Price $1.00. 

This work has been prepared by an eminent teacher for use in his own 
school— one of the largest in the Ctatc. It shov/s rare breadth of view and 
discrimination, dealing not merely with events but with causes, and with the 
side-issues that have so much to do v/ith determining the destiny of a nation. 

f. Helps in Fixing the Facts of A7ne?-ican Histonj. By Henrt C. Nor- 
THAM. IGmo, cloth, pp. 298. Price ^4.00. 

Here all facts are presented in groups. The L — exington. 
key-word to the Revolution, for instance, is I— ndependence. 
LIBERTY, as shown in the accompanying table B— urgosoie's Surrender, 
of Key-Words ; and in like manner the events of E— vacuation. 
the late civil war are kept chronologically dis- R— etribution. 
tinct by the key-words SLAVES FREED. Chart T— reason. 
No. 1 indicates by stars the years in each decade Y— orktown. 
from 1492 to 1789, in which the most remarkable events occured, while the 
colored chart No. 2 arranges the events in twelve groups. 

3. Topics and Beferences in American History, with numerous Search 
Questions. By Geo. A. Williams. 16mo, leatherette, pp. 50. .50 cts. 

This is a book of immediate practical value to every teacher. The refer- 
ences are largely to the lighter and more interesting illustrations of history, 
of a kind to arouse the thought of pupils by giving vivid conceptions of the 
events narrated. By dividing these references among the members of a class, 
the history recitation may be made the most delightful of the day. 

h. Dime (Question Books, No. 5, General History, and No. 6, United States 
History and Civil Government. By Albert P. Southavick. 16mo, paper, pp. 
37, 32. 10 cts. each. 

5. Outline and Questions in United States History. By C. B. Van Wie. 
]6mo, paper, pp. 40, and folding Map. 15 cts. 

The outgrowth of four years' practical work in the school-room with 
map prepared by a pupil as a suggestive model. 

6. Tablet of American History, with Map of the United States on the 
back. By Rurus Blanchard. Heavy paper, mounted on rollers, 3J^ by 5 
feet. Price, express paid, $3.00. 

The demand for a colored chart to Jiang upon the wall and thus catch 
the often-lifted eye of the pupil, has led to the preparation of this chart by 
an experienced author. The events of the four centuries are grouped in 
parallel belts of different colors, and upon the corners and sides are names 
of the States and Territories, with their etymology, etc., history of political 
parties, portraits of all the Presidents, Coats of Anns of all the States, etc. 
The map is engraved expressly for this chart by Rand & I^IcNally, is colored 
both by States and by counties, and gives all the latest railroads, tho new ar- 
rangement of time-lines, showing where the hour changes, etc, 

C. W, BARDEEN, Publisher, Syracuse, N. Y. 



^ 



iFXEEIF^f^OE. 



This little volume was originally compiled for use 
in my own class room, where it has proved so helpful 
that I now offer it to others with the hope that it may 
aid them in the study of our country's history. 

The work is arranged for the use of advanced 
classes. It is not in itself a sufficient source of infor- 
mation, but as I think all agree that history is best 
and most systematically taught by topics, it is intended 
to be placed in the hands of pupils, requiring them 
to fill out the story from the study of some of the 
many excellent histories now in use. 

Some facts, perhaps, have been inserted which may 
not be considered of sufficient importance to be 
learned ; but that I leave to the judgment of the in- 
dividual teacher, thinking it easier in a work of this 
kind to abridge than to enlarge the subject matter in 
the class room. A. M. J. 

Whitkhall, N. Y., June, 1888. 



ERRATA. 



Page 61, Zachary Taylor, for 1748 read 118^. 
Page G6, for Homes, read Holmes. 
Page 68, for 1864 read 18U. 



BRIEF VIEWS OF UNITED STATES HISTORY, 

FOR THE USE OF 

HIGH SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. 



Ilistonj is a record of what man lias done. 

United States Ilistonj naturally divides itself into 
seven epochs. 

First Epoch : al)original period. From the first 
knowledge of the country to ltt02 — the discovery of 
America l)y ('olumbus. 

Second Epoch : discoveries. From 1492, the dis- 
covery of America, to 1G07, the settlement of James- 
town, Va. 

Third EpocJi: settlement and development of colo- 
nies. From 1607, the settlement of Jamestown, Va., 
to 1775, the beginning of the Revolutionary War. 

Fourth Epoch: Revolutionary War. From 1775, 
the beginning of the Revolutionary War, to 1787, the 
adoption of the Constitution. 



6 THE SEVEN EPOCHS. 

Fifth Epoch : development of States. From 1Y87, 
the adoption of the Constitution, to 1861, the begin- 
ning of the Civil War. 

Sixth Epoch : Civil War. From 1861, the begin- 
ning of the Civil War, to 1865, the close of the Civil 
War. 

Seventh Epoch: recent events. From 1865, the 
close of the Civil War, to the present time. 



I^II^ST EIE^OCXi 



ABORIGINAL PERIOD. 

Morxn Builders. 

Origin : unknown — first inliabitants of the United 
States, American Indians liad no traditions concerning 
them. 

Habitation : mostly in tlie Mississippi and Ohio 
valleys. 

Proof of Existence : found in the mounds and other 
earth works. 

Fate : unknown — probably emigrated to Central 
America. 

THE AMERICAN INDIANS. 

Origin : unknown — probably crossed Behring Strait 
or were driven l)y sea upon our coasts. 

Charade ristics : brave and ingenious, treacherous 
and cunning in war; lazy and improvident, hospita- 
iible and grateful at home ; strong in endurance ; grave 
and haughty in manner. 

Government: chief — absolute power in some tribes, 
limited in others. 

Mode of Living : a nomadic people ; chief employ- 
ment, hunting and fishing ; religion — a Great Spirit, 
and the Hereafter a Happy Hunting Ground ; money 



FIEST EPOCH : ABORIGINAL. 



— wampum ; language — mostly harsh and guttural, 
long words and complex grammatical forms. 

Niiinber : about 200,000 east of the Mississippiy- 
time of Columbus. 

Divisions ; five important ones. 

Principal Indian Tribes. 

'' Abenakis, 
Wamjjanoags^ 
Narragansetts^ 
Pequods, 
Delavmres, 
JSlanticoTces, 

Powhatan Confederacy^ 
Shawnees, 
Illinois, 
Kickapoos, 
Potawatomies, 
Miamis, 
Ottawas, 
Menomonees, 
Baxes and Foxes ^ 
Chippewas. 

Huron^ 

Eries^ \ Senecas, 

Andastes, I Cayugas, 
^ Iroquois, -\ OnondagaSy 
j Oneidas, 
L Mohawks. 



Algonquin^ 
From Hudson's Bay south- 
east beyond the Ches-- 
apeake and south-west 
to the Mississippi. 



Wyandot^ 
Around Lakes Erie and 
Ontario. 



INDIAN ri:iin:s. 9 

[ ChoL'taws, 
I Chickasiiws, 
Mith'dicni, i Creel's or Muscopjees, 

Soiitliorn part of United -] Appalachees, 
States. 



Yemassees, 

Corees. 

Seminoles. 



rZ/^'/'^^v^,— sontliern valley of Allegany chain. 
Dakotah or Siou.r, — west of Missisippi river. 

The Norsemen. 
Discoveries and Settlements. 
Biorne Herjiilfson — saw cliffs of Labrador but did 
not land, 9S<;. 

Leif Erickson — explored coast from Massachusetts 
Bay to Rhode Island, 1001. 

Thorwald and Thorstein — made settlements. 
Snorri — first child of Europeans born in America. 
Visits made from Norway and Iceland in 12th, 
13th, and 14th centuries. 

A plague depopulated Greenland and American 
Settlements in 1350, and all coinmunication with the 
latter country ceased. 
Result : 

^ Old Tower at Newport, R. I. 
traces remain in the - Singular Inscription on a 
( rock at Dighton, Mass. 

No direct effect ui)on the subsecpient history of 
America. 



SEOOlSriD Er^oon. 



Discoveries and Explorations. 



r Columbus— The New World— 1492. 
Island San Salvador. 

Ponce de Leon — Florida — 1512. 

Balboa — Pacific Ocean — 1513. 

Cortez — Mexico — 1521. 

Magellan — Straits of Magellan. 
Spanish. "^ First circumnavigation, 1520-22. 

De Allyon — Carolinas — 1520. 

De Narvaez— Florida— 1528. 

De Soto — Mississippi — 1541. 

Cabrillo — Pacific coast — 1542. 

Malendez— St. Augustine — 1565. 
[^ Espejo— Sante Fe— 1582. 

( Henry Hudson — Hudson River and Bay- 
Dutch. } 1609. 

( Admiral Block — Connecticut Eiver — 1614. 



(10) 



DISCOVERIES AND EXPLORATIONS. 



11 



Vorrazaiii — Newfoundhind to Carolina — 

1524. 
Cartier — Gulf and R. St. Lawrence — 1535. 
Rihout— Port Eojal, S. C.,— 1562. 
Laudonniore — St. Johns R., Fla., — 1504. 
Frencli. -J Do Monts— Port Royal, N. C. — 1605. 
Ciiani plain — Quebec — 1608. 

Lake Chaniplain— 1609. 
Fatlier Marquette — upper Mississippi River 

—1673. 
La Salle — lower Mississippi — 1682. 



Cabots — Labrador to Albemarle Sound — 

1497. 
Frobisher — Strai t— 1 576. 
Drake — Pacific Ocean, 

Second circumnavigation — 1579. 
English. ^ Gilbert— voyage to New World— 1583. 

Raleigh — attempt to found a colony — 

' 1584-85. 
Gosnold— Cape Cod— 1602. 
Pring — Maine to Martha's Vineyard — 
1603. 



CLAIMS OF THE FOUR NATIONS. 

Spanish. 
Mexico, New Mexico, Florida, and the West Indies. 



12 second epoch : disco vekies. 

French. 

Acadia, Canada, and New France (Mississippi 
valley). 

English. 
Atlantic coast, westw^ard indefinitely. 

Dutch. 

'New Netherlands (Atlantic coast from Connecticut 
River to Delaware.) 

First Permanent Settlements. 
St. Augustine — Spaniards — 1565. 
Port Royal, N. S.- -Frencli— 1605. 
Jamestown — English — 1607. 
New York— Dutch— 1614. 



SETTLEMENTS. 

VIRGINIA. 
Jamestown, 1607. 
Settlement: hy London Co. (Englisli). 
Object : financial profit. 
Characteristics : poor nublenicn unused to labor. 

Government: Charter First, Second, Third ; pro- 
prietary ; royal province. 

Leading Persons : John Smith, Barthoh^new Gos- 
nold, Christopher Newport, Lord Delaware, Bacon, 
Powhatan, Pocahontas. 

Important Events : earl\' trouble ; "starvini;- time"; 
marriage of Pocahontas; slavery introduced, 1619; 
planter's wives imported ; first colonial assembly; In- 
dian troubles ; Xavi<^ation Acts; Bacon's Rebellion; 
the collei^e of William and Mary founded, 1093. 

(13) 



14 THIRD EPOCH : SETTLEMENTS. 

NEW YORK. 

Fort on Manhattan Island, 1614. 

New Amsterdam, ] -. ^^o 
Fort Orange, j 

Settlement: by Dutch West Indian Company 
(Dutch). 

Object : to trade with the Indians and colonize the 
country. 

Characteristics : mostly Walloons or French Prot- 
estants — honest and thrifty. 

Goveminent: Dutch, Commercial Association ; Eng- 
lish, proprietary, royal province. 

Leading Persons : Cornelius May, Peter Yan Twil- 
ler, Wilhelm Kieft, Peter Stuyvesant, Peter Minuits, 
Gov. Sloughter, Gov. Andros, Capt. Leisler, Sir Will- 
iam Kidd. 

Important Events : Conquest of New Sweden; set- 
tlement of boundaries ; Indian troubles ; conquest by 
English, 1664 ; colony regained by Dutch ; regained 
by English, 1673 ; Negro Plot, 1741 ; Kings College 
(now Columbia) founded 1754. 



THE THniTP:KN STATES. 15- 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Plymouth Colony. 

Plymouth, 1()2(>. 

Settlement : by Pilgrims (English Piiritiinsj. 

Object : religious freedom. 

Characteristics : English yeomen used to labor ; 
sober and industrious. 

Government: voluntary association till 1()!»2 ; then 
united with Massachusetts Bay Colony, charter. 

Leading Persons : John Carver, William Bradford, 
Miles Standish, William Brewster, Massasoit. 

Important Events : early sufferings ; treaty with 
Indians ; slow growth of colony ; union with Massa- 
chusetts Bay Colony. Subsequent events related 
under that heading. 

Massachusetts Bay Colony. 
Salem, 1628. 
Settlement : b}^ Plymouth Co. (English). 
Ohject : a refuge for Puritans. 
Characteristics: English Puritans, sober and in- 
dustrious. 

Government : charter, royal province, charter. 

Leading Names : John Endicott, Gov. Winthrop, 
Roger Williams, Mrs. Anne Hutchinson, King Philip. 

Important Events : religious trouble ; persecution 
of Quakers ; Indian troubles ; Harvard College 
founded IG^*;; Union of Colonies 1043; King Philip's 
War ; Salem witchcraft. 



16 THIRD EPOCH I SETTLEMENTS. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

Portsmouth, 1623. 
Settlement: by Sir Ferdinand Gorges and Capt. 
John Mason (English). 

Ohject : to develop the fisheries. 
Characteristics : English fishermen. 
Oovernment : proprietary, royal province. 

Leading Persons : Sir Ferdinand Gorges, Captain 
John Mason. 

Important Events : separation of the colony ; un- 
ion with Massachusetts ; final separation. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Windsor, 163^. 

Settlement : Lord Say-and-Seal and Lord Brooke 
(English). 

Ohject : to colonize the country and for religious 
freedom. 

Characteristics : mostly English Puritans. 

Government: Charter. Three colonies: New Haven, 
Connecticut, Saybrook. 

Leading Persons : Lord Say-and-Seal, Lord Brooks, 
Thomas Hooker, William Wadsworth, Governor An- 
dres. 

Lm])ortant Events : Pequod War ; union of the 
colonies ; trouble with the Governor ; Yale College 
founded 1701. 



Tin: riiiK'n:i«:N statks. 17 

MARYLAND. 
St. ^Iary's, KI.'U. 

Settlemeiii : Lord iKiIrimoi'c (Eiiglisli). 

Ohject : rcfui^e fcr Kni^Hish RoiiKin ('atliolics. 

Characteristics : Eiii^lisli UoiiKin Cutliolies. 

Ooverniiient : pi-oprietiiry, i-oyal province, ])ropri- 
etary. 

L<adi)i(j Persons : Lord Baltimore (Cecil Calvert), 
Lord Baltimore (Leonard Calvert), Cla3d)onrne. 

Important Erents : Clayboiiriie's Rebellion; Toler- 
ation Act ; religions troubles ; civil war. 

RHODE ISLAND. 
Providence, 1030. 

Settlement: Roger Williams (Englisli). 

Ohject : for religions outcasts from Massachusetts. 

Characteristics : William's followers (English B^ap- 
tists) from Massachusetts. 

Govermnent : voluntary association, charter. 

Leading Names : Roger Williams, Mrs. Anne 
Hutchinson, William Coddington. 

Imjxrrtant Eoents : founding Rhode Island Plan- 
tation ; union of tlie two plantations, charter obtained 
from Enifland. 



18 THIRD EPOCH I SETTLEMENTS. 

DELAWARE. 

Wilmington, 1638. 

Settlement : Queen Christina (Swede). 

Ohject : to provide a home for religious non-con- 
formists. 

Characteristics : Swedes and Dutch (Protestants). 
Government : proprietary. 

Leading Persons : Gustavus Adolphus, Queen 
•Christina, Peter Minuit, William Penn. 

Important Events : conquest by Dutch ; part of 
IS'ew York ; granted to William Penn ; part of Penn- 
sylvania ; set apart as separate province ; same gov- 
ernor. 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

Albemarle Sound, 1663. 

Settlement : Lord Clarendon (English). 

Ohject : to colonize and develop the New World. 

Characteristics: discontented settlers from Virginia. 

Government : proprietary, royal province. 

Leading Persons : Lord Clarendon, Lord Shafts- 
«bury, John Locke. \ 

Important Events : Grand Model ; trouble with 
■Cartaret colony ; separation of colonies. 



TlIK TMIKTEEN STATES. ll' 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 
Ashley River (Old Charlestown), 1670. 
Settlemeiit : Sir George Curtiiret and others (Enir- 
lish). 

Object : to christianize the Indians. 

Characteristics: Enf^lisli emigrants. 

Government : proprietary, royal province. 

Leading Persons : Sir George Cartaret, Lord 
Shaftsbiiry, John Locke, John Culpepper. 

Important Events : Grand Model ; troui)le with 
Albemarle colony ; quit-rent troubles; Culpepper In- 
surrection ; separation of colonies. 

NEW JERSEY. 

Dutch Trading Post, 1622. 
Elizabethtown, 1664. 

Settlement : Lord Berkeley and Sir Philip Cartaret 
(English). 

Object : to colonize the country. 

Characteristics: settlers from Long Island and 
New England. 

Leading Persons : Sir Philip Cartaret, Lork Berke- 
ley, William Penn. 

Important Events : division into East and West 
Jersey ; Quaker settlement in West Jersey ; union 
with New York colony ; separation from New York 
colony. 



20 THIRD . EPOCH I SETTLEMENTS. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Philadelphia, 1682. 
Settlement: William Penn (English). 
Object : home for Quakers. 
Characteristics: English Quakers. 
Government : proprietary. 
Leading Name : William Penn. 

Inijportant Events : treaty with the Indians; ''Great 
Law "; prosperity of colony ; trouble with Delaware. 

GEORGIA. 

Savannah, 1733. 

Settlement: James Oglethorpe (English). 

Object : home for oppressed debtors. 

Characteristics: debtors and other poor Englishmen. 

Government : proprietary, royal province. 

Leading Persons : James Oglethorpe. 

Lmfortant Events : trade restrictions ; trouble with 
Spaniards. 



THK 



IlIKTKEN STATES. 



21 





THE TlilirrEHX OKIGINAL COLONIES. 


1 


STATE. 


D.VTK. 


PLACE. 


NATION. 


FINAL GOVEUN'T. 


Virginia .. 


1607 


Jamestown 


English. 


Royal Province. . 


2, New York 


1614 


New Y(trk 


Dutch . . 


Royal Province. . 


SjMiussii'ts . . 


1020 jPlymoutii 


English. 


Charter 


4 


N. Ilamp. 
Connect't. . 


1623 Portsmouth 

1633 Windsor 


English. 
English . 


Charter 


5 


Charter 


6 


Maryland . 


1634 St. Mary's 


English. 


Proprietary 


7 


R. Island.. 
Delaware . 


1636 : Providence 

1638 Wilmington 


Englisb. 
Swedes. . 


Charter 


8 


Proprietary 


9 


N.Carolina 


1663 Albemarle Sd.... 


English. 


Royal Province. . 


10 


N. Jersey. 


1664 Eli/abethtown... 


English . 


Royal Province.. 


11 


S. Carolina 


1670 Old Charlestown. 


Englisb 


Royal Province. . 


IQPennsyl'a. 


1682 'Philadelphia 


Englisb . 


Proprietary 


13 Georgia. . . 


1733 Savannah 


English. 


Royal Province . . 



22 THIRD EPOCH : SETTLEMENTS. 

INTER-COLONIAL WARS. 

KING William's war. 

1689-1697. 

Causes : War between France and England. Louis 

XIY. of France espoused the cause of the Stuarts and 

this brought on war with King William of England. 

Conflicting claims caused the trouble in America. 

Events : Attacks upon the colonists by French and 
Indians in ]N"ew England and I^ew York. 

Attacks by the colonists at Port Royal, Acadia. 

Result : Treaty signed at Ryswick, Holland. Same 
territory. 

QUEEN ANNe's WAR 

OR 

THE WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION. 

1702-1Y13. 

Causes : War between France and England. The 
King of Spain dying bequeathed his throne to the 
French Prince, Philip of Anjou, grandson of Louis 
XIY. This succession affected the " Balance of 
Power," so England opposed it. 

Colonial claims in America still conflicted. 

Events : Attacks upon the colonists in 'New Eng- 
land. • 

Attacks by the colonists at St. Augustine, Port 
Royal, and Quebec. 

Results : Treaty signed at Utrecht, Holland. 
Acadia ceded to England. 



INTER-COLONIAL WARS. 23 

SPANISH WAK. 

1739. 
Cause : trouble between Eno:laTKl and Spain. Boun- 
daries in colonies conllicted. 

Events : Attack on St. Augustine by Oglethorpe. 
Invasion of Georgia by the Spaniards. 

Kesult : it nierii-ed into Kin<i: Georo:e's War. 

OR 
THE WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION. 

174-1-1748. 

Causes : War between England and France. 

On tlie death of the Emperor of Germany there 
was trouble over the succession. England espoused 
the cause of his daughter Maria Theresa and France 
opposed it. 

Colonial claims in America not yet settled. 

Events : Cajiture of Louisburg by English and col- 
onists. 

Indian devastation. 

Results: Treaty signed at Aix-la-Chapelle, Germany. 
England gave back Louisburg to France. 
Boundary line between Georgia and Florida settled. 



24 THIRD EPOCH : SETTLEMENTS. 

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 

1Y54-1763. 
Causes : The French and English claimed the same 
territory. 

A mutual hatred existed between the French and 
English. 

The Forts Yenango, Presque Isle, and Le Boeuf 
built by French on land claimed by the Ohio Co. 

Washington's journey, 1753. 

Fort Du Quesne built by the French, 1754. 



INTEK-CUL( iNIAI. WAKS. 



25 



PKINX'IPAL BATTLES OF THE BATTLES OF THE 
FRENCH AM) INDIAN WAR 



D.\TE. 


Eng. Successes. 


En(}. Losses. 


Commanders. 




Gt. ]\I(.':ulo\vs. 


Ft. Neces'ty 


English. 


French. 


1754. 


Washington. 
Washington. 


Jumondville 
(killed.) 

Villiers. 


1755. 


Acadia. 
Lake George. 


Near Lake 
George. 

Du (^iiesne. 


j Winslow. 
\ Moncton. 

Williams 
(killetl.) 

Johnson. 

Braddock 
(mor. w'nd.) 


Dieskau. 
Dieskau. 


1756. 


Kittanning. 


Oswego. 


Mercer. 
Armstrong. 


Montcalm. 
Indians. 


1757. 




Fort Wm. 
Henry. 


Monroe. 


Montcalm.* 


1758. 


Louisburg. 
Dn Qncsne. 


Ft. Ticond'a. 
Frontenac. 


Amherst. 
Abercrombie 

Forbes. 
Bradstreet, 


Montcalm. 


1759. 


Quebec. 

Ft. Tkonderoga, 
(Crown Point.) 

Niagara . 




Wolfe 
(killed.) 

Amherst. 

Prideau.x 
(killed.) 


Montcalm 
(killed.) 

French evac- 
uated. 


1760. 


Sillery. 
Montreal. 




Amherst. 


Dc Levi. 



26 THIRD EPOCH : SETTLEMENTS. 

Kesults : Treaty signed at Paris 1763. 

Spain ceded Florida to England. 

France ceded to England all the territory east of the 
Mississippi river, except two small islands south of 
Newfoundland. 

France ceded New Orleans and all her territory 
west of the Mississippi to Spain. 

The war engendered strife between the colonies and 
England. 

It cost the colonists thirty thousand men and eleven 
million dollars. 

.The colonists were skilled in the art of war and 
more united among themselves. 

PoNTiAc's War. 

1763. 

Cause : discontent with English traders. 

Events : Indians captured eight forts and massacred 
many people. 

Kesult : Pontiac killed at Cahokia ; treaty of peace 
made. 



i^otji^txh: e:e=oci3:. 



WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 



1775-1783. 



Remote. 






Direct. 



r External and Internal Taxes. 
j Navio^ation Acts. 
^1 Effects of Inter-colonial Wars. 
1^ The arbitrary character of George III. 

Taxation without Representation 
as shown in 

1765. 



( Stamp Act, 

and 
( Tax on Tea, 
i Mutiny Act, 
Boston Massacre, 
Boston Tea Party, 
[ Boston Port Bill, 
(27) 



1767. 
1768. 
1770. 
1773. 
1774. 



28 



FOURTH EPOCH I REVOLUTION A RY WAR. 



m 

<D 

oa 
O 

o 



.s 

c 
o 
Q 

C 
c3 



PI 
O 

O 



Council at 
Albany 1754. 



First Colonial 

Congress, 

New York, Oct. 

1754. 

First Continental 

Congress, 

Philadelphia, 

Sept. 1774. 



Second 

Continental 

Congress, 

Philadelphia, 

May, 1775. 



j A plan for union of colo- 
■{ nies proposed. 
A treaty with Indians made. 



f Nine colonies represented. 
I fDecla ration of 



\ I 

Acts. \ 



the 



Rights. 

Petition to 
King. 

Memorial to Par- 
liament. 

f Supported Massachusetts. 
j 2d Declaration of Rights. 

Petition to the King. 
^ Address to people of Eng. 

Last appeal to the King. 

George Washington appoint- 
ed commander-in-chief. 

Yote to raise an army of 
twenty thousand men. 

Authorize an issue of one 
million dollars in paper 
money. 

Declaration of Independence 
adopted 1776. 

Committee sent to France. 

Committee appointed to pre- 
pare the Article of Con- 
I federation. 

[ Continued during the War. 



PRINCIPAL BATTLES OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR 


D.VTE. 


Am. Successes. 


Enq. Sue. 


Commanders. 








American. 


English. 


1775. 
Apr. 19 
]\Iay 10 
June 17 
Dec. 31 


Ft. Ticonderoga 
captured. 


Lexington. 

Bunker Hill. 
Quebec. 


Parker. 
Ethan Allen. 

Prescott. 
jMontgomery 


Smith. 

Delaplace. 

Gen. Howe. 

Carleton. 


177G. 
Mar. 17 
June 28 
Aug. 27 
Dec. 26 


Boston evacuated 
Fort Moultrie. 

Trenton. 


Long Island. 


Moultrie. 

Putnam. 

Washington. 


Gen. Howe. 

Parker. 

Gen. Howe. 

Rahl. 


1777. 
Jan. 3 
Sept. 11 
Sept. 19 
Oct. 4 
Oct. 11 


Princeton. 

Bcmis Ileii^^hts. 

Saratoga. 


Brandywine. 
Gerniantown 


Washington. 
Washington. 

Gates. 
Washington 

Gates. 


Mawhood. 
Gen. Howe. 
Gen. Howe. 
Gen. Howe. 

Burgoyne. 


1778. 
June 28 
July 3 


Monmouth. 


Wyoming 
Massacre. 


Washington. 
Col. Z. But 
ler. 


Clinton. 

John Butler. 

Brandt. 


1779. 
July 15 
Oct. 9 


Stony Point. 


Savannah. 


Wayne. 
Lincoln. 


Johnson. 
Prevost. 


1780. 
May 12 
Aug. 16 




Cbarlestown. 
Camden. 

( Guilford 

- Court 

( House. 


Lincoln. 
Gates. 


Clinton. 
Cornwallis. 


1781. 
Jan. 17 
Mar. 15 
Sept. 8 
Oct. 19 


Cowpens. 

Eutuw Springs. 
Yorktown. 


Morgan. 

Greene. 

Greene. 

Washington. 


Tark'ton. 

Cornwallis. 

Col. Stewart. 

Cornwallis. 



(29) 



30 FOURTH EPOCH : REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 

Results : Treaty signed at Paris 1783. 

Great Britain acknowled^^ed the independence of 
the United States and gave the right to fish on the 
banks of JN^ewfoundland. 

The boundaries were fixed at the Great Lakes on 
the north, and the Mississippi Eiver on the west. 
Florida was given back to Spain. 

• \^' 77^«tEngland fifty thousand men and about 
SIX hundred and ten million dollars. 

The war cost the United States forty .thousand men 
and about one hundred thirty-five million dollars. 

British Army evacuated JSTew York, 

. November 25, 1783. 

Mutiny of the troops, . . 1733 

Army disbanded, . . . j^gg* 

bhay's Rebellion, - . . ^786 

The Constitutional Convention, - 1787* 
Rise of Federal and Anti-Federal 

I P^^ties, - . . . . ^^g^ 



Subse- 
quent 
Events. 



The ConstitutiuiKi 
Convention, 
Philadelphia, 

May-Sept., 17ST. 



CONSITLTIONAL CONVENTION. 31 

Leaders: Washington, John 
A (1 a m s, Hamilton, Franklin, 
Kan(i()l})li, Madison. 

Object: to devise measures for 



a stronger government. 



Result: framing of the Consti- 
tution, due mainly to Madi- 
son ; adoption of Constitution 
Sept. IT. 



DEYELOPMENT OF THE STATES. 

Washington's Administration. 

1789-1797. 

President: George "Washington, of Virginia. 

Vice-President : John Adams, of Massachusetts. 

Time: two terms. 

Administration : very satisfactory. 

Politics : Federal. 

Important Events : the formation of the cabinet ; 
the adoption of the first ten constitutional amend- 
ments ; [N'orth Carolina and Khode Island ratified the 
constitution 1789-91 ; death of Benjamin Franklin 
1790 ; capital removed to Philadelphia 1790; Vermont 
admitted 1791 ; Kentucky, 1792 ; Tennessee, 1796 ; 
a mint and a national bank establshed at Philadelphia; 
war with the Miami Indians ; Jay's treaty with Eng- 
land ; trouble with the French minister ; whiskey in- 
surrection ; treaty with Algiers ; the invention of the 
cotton gin. 

(33) 



WASIIINCiTON AND ADAMS. 33^ 

Presidential CAMrAioN of 1796. 

r^ J- 1 - \ Federal, Jolin Adams. 
Candidates. ■ ' 

( Iwepubhcan, ilionias Jenerson. 

Question at Issue : Jay's treaty witli England. 

Kesult : Federals victorious. 

John Adams's Administration. 
1797-1801. 

President : John Adams, of Massachusetts. 

Vice-President : Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. 

Tim a: one term. 

Admmistration : unpopular. 

Politics : Adams — Federal. Jefferson — Republi- 
can (party now called Democratic). 

Important Events: department of the navy cre- 
ated \ Alien and Sedition laws passed ; eleventh 
amendment adopted 1798 ; death of General Wash- 
ington, Dec. 14, 1T99 ; capital moved to Washington, 
1799 ; preparations for war with France; treaty with 
Napoleon. 



•34 fifth epoch : development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1800. 

f Republican, Thomas Jefferson, Aaron 

I Burr. 
Candidates. -I 

Federal, John Adams, Charles Pinck- 

ney. 

Question at Issue : Alien and Sedition laws. 
Result : Republicans victorious. 

Jefferson's Administration. 
1801-1809. 
President : Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. 

Vice-President : 1st term, Aaron Burr, of New 
York ; 2d term, George Clinton, of New York. 

Time : two terms. 

Administration : prosperous. 

Politics: Republican (now Democratic). Jeffer- 
son elected by House of Representatives. 

Imjportant Events : purchase of Louisiana 1803 ; 
Ohio admitted 1803 ; war with Tripoli ; duel between 
Hamilton and Burr ; twelfth amendment passed 1804- 
trouble with England ; Embargo Act ; trial of Burr ; 
steamboat invented by Fulton ; importation of slaves 
forbidden 1808. 



JEFFERSON AND MADISON. 35 

PkKSIDKNTIAI. CAMTAKiN OK ]S<>S. 



Candidiites:^ 



f Ke})ul)licuii, James Miidison, Georii^e 
I Clinton. 



Federal, Charles Pinckney, Riifus 
Kinir. 



Question at Issue : war with England, 
Result : Republicans victorious. 

Madison's Administration. 
1809-1817. 
President : James Madison, of Virginia. 

Vice-President : 1st term, George Clinton, of Xew 
Yoik ; 2d term, Elbridge Gerry, of Massachusetts. 

Time : two terms. 

Administration : war. 

Politics : Republican (Dem.) 

Important Events : engagement between the Pres- 
ident and the Little Belt ; war with the Indians of 
the north-west under Tecumseh ; the War of 1812 ; 
Hartford Convention 1814; war with Algiers ; Louis- 
iana admitted as a State 1812, Indiana 1816. 



36 fifth epoch i development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1816. 

fKepublican, James Monroe, Daniel 

I D. Tompkins. 
Candidates: -{ 

Federal, Rufus King, John E. How- 

[ ard. 

Question at Issue : none distinctly advocated. 

Result : Republicans successful. The downfall of 
the Federal party 1816, caused by adoption of Alien 
and Sedition Laws, opposition to the war of 1812, and 
the Hartford Convention. 

War of 1812. . 

The impressment of American seamen (about 6000 
Americans impressed into the British navy). 

England insulted the flag and harassed the com- 
merce of the United States. 

England sent emissaries among the Indians to incite 
them against the Americans. 

President Madison issued a proclamation of war 
June 19, 1812. 



PRINCIPAL NAVAL ENGAGEMENTS. 



Date. 


Pl.\ce. 


Vessels. 

Amcr. Frii^^ate 


j Command's. 


Victories. 


1812 




Hull. 




An-. 19 


OIT coast 
Ma.ssachusetts 


Constitution. 

British Frigate 

Gucrriere. 


Dacres. 


American. 


Oct. 15 


North Carolina 


Anur. Sloop 

Wasp. 

Brit. Bri- 

Frolic. 


Jones. 

Whinyatcs. 


American. 


Oct. 25 


OlY coast 
Canary Islanils. 


Anier. Frigate 
United States. 
Brit. Frigate 
^Macedonian. 


Decatur. 
Garden. 


American. 


Dec. 2U 


OlVcoa^t 
Hra/il. 


Anicr. Frigate 
Constitution. 
Brit. Frigate 


Bainbridge. 
Lambert. 


American. 






Java. 






1813 

Feb. 24 


( )1T coast 
Guiana. 


Amer. Sloop 

Hornet. 
Brit. Brig 

Peacock. 


Lawrence. 
Peake. 


American. 


1 
June 1 


Massachusetts 
Bay. 


Amer. Frigate 
Con.stitution. 
Brit. Frigate 
Shannon. 


Lawrence. 
Broke. 


English. 


Sept. 5' 


Off coast 
Maine. 


Amer. Brig 

Enterpri.se. 

Brit. Brig \ 

Boxer. 

Amcr. 9 ves- 


Burrows. 
Blythe. 

Perry. 


American. 


Sept. 10 


Lake Erie. 


sels, 54 guns. 
Brit. 6 ves- 
sels, 63 guns. 1 


Barclay. 


American, 


1814 1 
Sept. 1 1 


Lake 
Clianjplain. 


Amer. 14 ves- 
sels, 8G guns. 

Brit. 17 ves- 
sels, 95 guns. 


McDonough, 
Downie. 


American. 



(37) 



PRINCIPAL LAND BATTLES, WAR OF 1812. 


Date. 


Amer. Sue. 


Brit. Sue. 


Commanders. 








American. 


British. 


1812 










Aug. 16 




Detroit. 


Hull. 


j Brock. 
( Tecumseb, 


Oct. 13 




Queenstown. 


Van Rens- 
saelaer. 


Brock 
(killed.) 


1813 










Oct, 13 


Thames. 




Harrison. 


Proctor, 


1814 










July 25 


Lundy's Lane. 




Brown, 


Drummond. 


Aug. 24 




Washington 

burned. 




Ross, 


Sept. 11 


Plattsburg. 




Macomb. 


Prevost. 


Sept. 3 


Ft.Wm. Henry 
(bombarded). 




Amistead. 


Brooke, 


1815 










Jan. 8 


New Orleans. 




Jackson. 


Pakenham. 



Kesults: Treaty signed at Ghent, Belgium Dec. 24, 
1814. 

The two great points of dispute, the encroachment 
upon American commerce and the impressment of 
American seamen were not mentioned. Both how- 
ever ceased at the close of the war. 

The United States was rendered more self-reliant ; 

her prestige among other nations was increased ; the 

superiority of her navy established. 

(38) 



MONROE. d9 

Monroe's Administratk^n. 
1817-1825. 

Premdent : James Monroe, of A^irginia. 

Vice-President: Daniel D. Tompkins, of New 
York. 

Time : two terms. 

Politics : Republican. (Dem.) 

Administration : singularly peaceful and successful. 

Important Events : purchase of Florida ; admission 
of five new States, Mississippi 1817, Illinois 1818, 
Alabama 1819, Maine 1820, Missouri 1821; Missouri 
Compromise 1820; Monroe Doctrine 1823; visit of La 
Fayette 1824. 



40 FIFTH epoch: development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1824. 

r f Andrew Jackson, Henry 

Candidates j P^-^-^^H Clay, John Quincy Adams, 
j 1^ William H. Crawford. 

[ Yice-President, John C. Calhoun. 

Question at Issue: none distinctly advocated. 
Eesult: John Quincy Adams victorious. 

John Quincy Adams's Administration. 

1825-1829. 

President: John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts. 

Yiee-President : John C. Callioun, of South Caro- 
lina. 

Time : one term. 

Politics : Adams, Whig, elected by House of Eepre- 
sentatives : Calhoun, Democrat. 

Administration : unpopular. 

Lnportant Events : corner stone of Bunker Hill 
monument laid 1825 ; Erie canal opened 1825 ; death 
of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, July 4, 1826 ; 
first railway in the United States 1826 ; Protective 
Tariff Law 1828. 



ADAMS AND .lACKSON. 41 

Presidential Candidates df 1828. 

f Democratic, Andrew Jackson. John 
I C. Calhoun. 



Candidates: 



National Eepublican, John Quincy 
Adams, Richard Rush. 



Questions at Issue : the tarilT, a national bank, 
money appropriations for internal improvement. 

Result: Democrats victorious. 

Andrew Jackson's Administration. 
1829-1837. 
President : Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee. 
Vice-President : 1st term, John C. Calhoun, of 
South Carolina ; 2nd term, Martin Van Buren, of New 
York. 

Time : two terms. 

Politics : Democratic. 

Administration : successful and characterized by 
the bold energy of the President. 

Important Events : changes made in the civil ser- 
vice ; veto of bill renewing charter of United States 
Bank; Xullitication Act 1832; Compromise bill; 
Black Hawk War; Seminole War begun 1835; Arkansas 
admitted 183C, Michigan, 1837 ; death of Charles 
Carroll, of Carrollton, last surviving signer of Declar- 
ation of Independence ; Postmaster-General made a 
Cabinet officer. 



42 fifth epoch i development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1836. 



Candidates: -{ 



Democratic, Martin Yan Buren, Eich- 
ard M. Johnson. 



Whig, William H. Harrison, Francis 
[^ Granger. 

Questions at Issue : national bank, protective tariff. 

Result: Democrats victorious. 

Yan Buren's Administration. 
1837-1841. 
President : Martin Yan Buren, of New York. 
Vice-President : Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky. 

Time: one term. 

Politics : Democratic. Johnson elected by Senate. 

Administration : unsuccessful. 

Important Events : financial panic of 1837 ; Sem- 
inole War ; rebellion in Canada ; telegraph patented ; 
sub-treasury bill passed 1840; Free-Soil party organized. 



VAN BUREN, HAKRISON AND TYLEK. 43 

Presidenpiai- Cami'aion of 1840. 

r Democratic^ Martin Van lluren, Ricli- 
i arc! M. Johnson. 
Candidates: ^^ Wliicr, William 11. Harrison, John 
L Tyler. 

Questions at Issue: national bank, protective tariff. 

Result: Whigs victorious. 

Harrison and Tyler's Administra-hon. 
1841-1845. 

President, William II. Harrison, of Ohio. 

Yice-Preside7it : John Tyler, of Virginia. 

Time : Harrison, one month ; Tyler, remainder of 
the term. 

Politics: Harrison, Whig ; Tyler, Democrat. 

Administration : political excitement. 

Important Events : Ashburton treaty 1842 ; anti- 
rent ditiiculties in New York ; trouble with the Mor- 
mons; annexation of Texas 1845; first message by 
telegraph 1844 ; Florida admitted 1845. 



m fifth epoch : development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1848. 

f Democraftic, James K. Polk, George 

I M. Dallas. 
Candidates: ^ 

Whig, Henry Clay, Theodore Fre- 

1^ linghuysen. 
Question at Issue: annexation of Texas. 
Result: Democrats victorious. 

James K. Polk's Administration. 

1845-1849. 

« 

President : James K. Polk, of Tennessee. 

Vice-President : George M. Dallas, of Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Titne : one term. 

Politics : Democratic. 

Administration : political excitement and war. 

Important Events : settlement of the north western 
boundry 1846 ; war with Mexico ; discovery of gold 
in California ; Wisconsin admitted in 1848, Iowa in 
1846 ; Wilmot Proviso 1846 ; Howe sewing machine 
patented 1846 ; Department of Interior created 1849. 



POLK AND THE MEXICAN WAR. 46 

Presidential Campaign of 1848. 

f Democratic, Lewis Cass, William O. 
I Butler. 

! Wlii- Zachary Taylor, Millard Fili- 
al more. 
I Free-Soil, Martin Yaii Buren, Charles 
1^ Francis Adams. 

•Question at Issue: slavery most prominent question, 
but not a part}" issue. 

Result: Wliiirs victorious. 



Candidates: -{ 



Cause : 



Mexican War. 

Eeal : annexation of Texas to the United 

States. 
Apparent : dispute about the boundary. 
Texas claimed to the Ilio Grande Iliver. 
Mexico claimed to the Nueces River. 
War declared by the United States, May 

11, 1846. 



California, John C. Fremont, 
New Mexico and westward, Philip 
Kearney. 

Campaigns:^ The disputed territory, Zachary Tay- 
lor. 
Vera Cruz to City of Mexico, Win- 
field Scott. 



Result : successful in every canipaii^n. 



PRINCIPAL BATTLES OF THE MEXICAN WAR. 



Date. 


Amek. Sue. 


Mex. Sue. 


Commanders. 








American. 


Mexican. 


1846 










May 8 


Palo Alto. 




Taylor. 


Arista. 


May 9 


Resaca de la 

Palma. 




Taylor. 


Arista. 


Sept. 24 


Monterey. 




Taylor. 


Ampudia. 


1847 










Feb. 23 


Buena Vista. 




Taylor. 


Santa Anna. 


Mch. 27 


Vera Cruz. 




Scott. 


Morales. 


Apr. 18 


Cerro Gordo. 




Scott. 


Santa Anna. 


May 15 


Puebla. 




Scott. 






j Contreras. 




Scott. 


Santa Anna. 


Aug. 20 


I Cherubusco. 










Molinadel-Rey. 




Scott. 


Alvarez. 


Sept. 13 


Chapultepec. 




Scott. 


Bravo. 


Sept. 14 


Mexico. 




Scott. 





Results : Treaty of Peace signed February 2, 1848 
at Guadalupe Hidalgo, a small town near the city of 
Mexico. 

Rio Grande made the boundary between Mexico 
and Texas.^ 

California and 'New Mexico ceded to the United 

States. 

The United States paid Mexico $15,000,000, and 
assumed $3,600,000 worth of debts due Texas citizens. 

Peace proclaimed by President Polk, July 4, 1848. 

(46) 



taylor and fillmore. 4t 

Taylor and Fillmore's Administration. 
1849-1853. 
PreMent : Zacliary Taylor, of Louisaiia. 

Vice-President: Millard Fillmore, of Xew York. 

Time : Taylor 1 year -1 months ; Fillmore remain- 
der of the term. 

Politics : Whig. 

Administratio7i : violent political agitation. 

Important Events: invasion of Cuba by Lopez ;. 
death of the American Triumvirate — John C. Cal- 
houn 185U, Henry Clay 1852, Daniel Webster 1852 ;. 
Omnibus Bill 1850; admission of California 1850; 
publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin ; letter postage re- 
duced to three cents. 



48 fifth epoch : development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1852. 

" Democratic, Franklin Pierce, William 
K. King. 

Candidat \ ^^^ig' 'W'infield Scott, William A. 
Graham. 
Free-Soil, John P. Hale, George W. 
Julian. 

Question at Issue : none prominent. 

Result: Democrats victorious. 

Pierce's Administration. 

1853-1857. 

President : Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire. 

Yice-P resident : William R. King, of Alabama. 

Time : one term. 

Politics : Democratic. 

Administration : violent political strife. 

Imjportcmt Events : Gadsden purchase 1853 ; death 
of vice-president ; Kane's 2nd Arctic expedition ; 
Perry's treaty with Japan ; Kansas-Nebraska bill ; 
civil war in Kansas ; organization of the Republican 
party. 



pierce and 15uc1ianan. 49 

Presidkntial Campaign of 1856. 

Deinocratic, James Buchanan, John 

C. 15reckinridge. 
Republican, John C. Fremont, Wil- 
liam L. Dayton. 
I Know-nothing, Milhird FiUmore, A. 
1^ J. Donelson. 

Question at Issue : extension of slavery. 
Result : Democrats victorious. 

Buchanan's Administration. 
1857-1861. 

President: James Buchanan, of Tennsylvania. 

Vice-President : John C. Breckinridge, of Ken- 
tucky. 

Time : one term. 

Politics : Democratic. 

Administration : bitter feeling between North and 
South. 

Important Events : Dred Scott Decision 1857 ; 
Personal Liberty Bills : Minnesota admitted 1858, Ore- 
iron 1859 ; John Brown's Raid ; the secession of South 
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, 
Louisiana, and Texas 1861; formation of the Southern 
Confederacy 1861 — Montgomery, capital; JeiTerson 
Davis of Mississippi made president and Alexander 
H. Stephens of Georgia vice-president. 



30 fifth epoch i development. 

Presidential Campaign of 1860. 

" ]S"orthern Democrats, Stephen A. 
Douglas, Herschel Y. Johnson. 
Southern Democrats, John C. Breck- 
Oandidates: 4 i^^'i^g^, Joseph Lane. 

* ' Eepublican, Abraham Lincoln, Han- 
nibal Hamlin. 
Constitution-Union, John Bell, Ed- 
ward Everett. 
Question at Issue : extension of slavery. 

Hesult : Republicans victorious. 

Lincoln's Administration, 
1861-1865. 

President : Abraham Lincoln of Illinois. 

Vice-President : 1st term, Hannibal Hamlin, of 
Maine ; 2nd term, Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee. 

Time : one term, one month. 

Politics : Republican. 

Administration : war. 

Important Events : Civil War ; Nevada admitted 
1864, West Yirginia 1863 ; Emancipation Proclama- 
tion 1863 ; secession of Yirginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, 
and North Carolina, 1861 ; England, France, Spain 
and Portugal acknowledged the Confederate States as 
belligerents 186 1 



LINCOLN. 



51 



Presidential Campaign of 1S64. 

( Democratic, George B. McClellan, 
i Georire II. Pendleton. 



] Eepublican, Abraham Lincoln, An- 



Candidates: ' 

[ drew Johnson. 
Question at Issue : management of the war. 
Result : Republicans victorious. 



I 



si^^Tia: e:e=oo:e3: 



THE CIYIL WAK. 



' Slavery. 
Different construction put upon United 
States Constitution by the people of 
the IS^orth and of the South. 
Causes: ] Different systems of labor in the N'orth 
and in the South. 
Want of intercourse between the people 

of the I^orth and of the South. 
Publication of sectional books. 
(52) 



l'ULNCll»AL13. 


LTTLHS OF THE CIVIL. 


^VAR. 


Date. 


North. Sue. 


Soi'Tii. Sue. 


Commanders. 






Federal. 


CoNKilD. 


imi 








1 


Apr. 14 




Ft. Sunipter, 
S. C. 


Anderson. 


Beauregard. 


July 21 




Bull Uuu, Va. 


McDowell. 


Beauregard. 


1!S62 










Fcl.. 6 


Fort TTeiirv. 

fenu. 




Grant. 
Com. Foote. 


Tilghman. 


Fvh. IG 


Fort Donald- 
son, Tenn. 




Grant. 
Com. Foote. 


Pillow. 


Mcli. 8 


Merrlmac 

and 
Monitor. 




"Worden. 


Buchanan. 


■V-t" 


Shiloh, Tenn. 




Grant. 


Johnston. 


Apr. 2:) 


X. Orleans. La. 




Farragut. 
Butler. 


Lovell. 


June 25 


Seven Day'.s 




McClellan. 


Lee. 


to 


battles ended 








July 1 


with Malvern 










Hill, Va. 








Aug. 26 




Second battle 
Bull Run. 


Pope. 


Lee. 


Sept. 17 


Antietam, 3Id. 




]\[cClellan. 


Lee. 


Dec. 13 




Fredericks- 
burg, Va. 


Burnside. 


Lee. 


Dec. 31 


Murfreesboro, 




Rosecrans. 


Bragg. 


or 


Tenn. 








Jan. 2 










1M03 










Mav 




Chanccllors- 


Hooker. 


Lee. 


2-3 




villc, Va. 






July 


Getty.sl)urg, 




Meade. 


Lee. 


1. 2, 3 


Penn. 








July 4 


Siege of Vicks- 
burg, Mi.ss. 




Grant. 


Pembcrton. 


Sept. 
19-20 




Chickaniauga, 
Tenn. 


Rosecrans. 


Bragg. 


Nov. 25 


Chattanooga, 

Tenn. 




(rrant. 


Bragg. 



(53) 





PRINCIPA 


L BATTLES CONTINUED. 


Date. 


North. Sue. 


South. Sue. 


Commanders. 








Federal. 


CONFED. 


1864 










May 


Wilderness, 




Grant. 


Lee. 


5-6 


Va. 








May 


Spottsylvania, 




Grant. 


Lee. 


8-13 


Va. 








June 3 


Cold Harbor, 
Va. 




Grant. 


Lee. 


June 14 


Alabama and 
Kearsarge— off 

coast of 

France. 




Winslow. 


Semmes. 


Aug. 5 


Closing Mobile 
Harbor, Ala. 




Farragut. 


Buchanan. 


Sept. 2 


Atlanta, Ga. 




Sherman. 


Hood. 


Oct. 19 


Cedar Creek, 
Va. 




Sheridan. 


Early. 


Dec. 


Nashville, 




Thomas. 


Hood. 


15-16 


Tenn. 








Dec. 21 


Savannah. 




Sherman. 




1865 










Apr. 1 


Battle Five 
Forks, Va. 




Grant. 


Lee. 


Apr. 9 


Appomattox 

Court House, 

Va. 




Grant. 


Lee. 



Eesults: Total loss on both sides in killed and 
wounded nearly 1,000,000 men. 

A ISTational debt of $2,844,000,000. 

Slavery abolished. 

Union preserved. 

Loss of property uncalculable. 
(54) 



SE-VElNTTXa: EX=>OOI^. 



KECENT EVENTS. 

Johnson's Administration. 
1865-1869. 

President : Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee. 

Time : nearly four years, filled office at death of 
Lincoln. 

Politics ; Republican. 

Administration : unsatisfactory. 

Important Events : amnesty proclamation ; disband- 
ment of the army ; XIII. amendment adopted 1865 ; 
reconstruction of the Union ; Freedman's Bureau and 
Civil Kights bills ; laying of the Atlantic Cable by 
energy of Cyrus W. Field ; purchase of Alaska 1867 ; 
Tenure of Office Act ; im])eachment of the President 
1S68 ; XIV. amendment adopted 186S; Indian War in 
the southwest ; Nebraska admitted 1867 ; trouble with 
the French in Mexico ; treaty with China. 



56 seventh epoch : recent events. 

Peesidential Campaign of 1868. 



Candidates: -< 



{ Democratic, Horatio Seymour, Fran- 
I cis P. Blair. 



Republican, Ulysses S. Grant, Schuy- 
ler Colfax. 



Questions at issue: position held by seceded States; 
Negro suffrage. 

Pesult: Pepublicans victorious. 

Grant's Administration. 
1869-1877. 

President : Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois. 

Vice-President : 1st term, Schuyler Colfax, of In- 
diana ; 2d term, Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts. 

Time : two terms. 

Politics : Pepublican. 

Administration : prosperous. 

Important Events : completion of the Pacific P.R.; 
XY. amendment adopted 1870 ; Fenian excitement ; 
Chicago and Boston fires : settlement of Alabama 
Claims ; investigation of Credit Mobilier ; invention 
of the telephone ; salary act ; railroad panic ; denom- 
etization of silver ; Centennial Exposition 1876; Ad- 
mission of Colorado 1876 ; Electoral Commission ; 
death of Yice-President Henry Wilson. 



GRANT AM) IIAYKS. 57 

PkKSIDKNTIAL CAMTAKiN OF IST^). 

[" DcMiiocratie, Samuel J. Tildeii, Thos. 
Important j '^- Hcndrieks. 
Candidates: "j liepuhlican, Paitherford B. Hayes, 

L William A. Wheeler. 

Questions at Issue: resumption of specie payment; 
southern policy prominent. 

Result : Republicans victorious. 

Hayes's Administration. 
18T7-18S1. 

President: Rutherford B. Hayes, of Ohio. 

Vice-President : William A. Wheeler, of ^^ew 
York. 

Time : one term. 

Politics : Repuldican. 

Adiiiinistration : unsatisfactory. 

Important Events : United States troops w.ithdrawn 
from the soutli ; yellow fever in the soutli ; resump- 
tion of specie payments; fishery award ; Bland silver 
bill ; invention of Phonogra})h and introduction of 
electric lii^ht, 1879, by Edison ; railroad strikes; death 
of William Cullen Bryant. 



58 seventh epoch : kecent events. 

Presidential Campaign of 1880. 

f Democratic, Winfield S. Hancock,. 
Important j ^^^' H. English. 
Candidates: "j Republican, James A. Garfield, dies- 
is ter A. Arthur. 
Question at Issue : protective tariff prominent. 
Result : Republicans victorious. 

Garfield and Arthl-r's Administration. 

1881-1885. 

President : James A. Garfield, of Ohio. 

Vice-President : Chester A. Arthur, of New York. 

Time : Garfield seven months, 14 days ; Arthur re- 
mainder of term. 

Politics : Republican. 

Administration : popular. 

Important Events : resignation of Conkling and. 
Piatt, United States Senators from New York ; revised 
edition of New Testament issued in America ; death 
of J. G. Holland, H. W. Longfellow, R. W. Emerson ; 
centennial celebration at Yorktown; Star Route 
frauds ; trial and execution of Charles Guiteau ; letter 
postage reduced to two cents ; standard time adopted ;. 
Pendleton's Civil Service Reform bill. 



gakfiei.d. aktiil'r, and cleveland. 59 

Presidentls-l Candidates of 1884. 

f Democratic, Grover Cleveland, Thos. 
Important I A. Hendricks. 
Candidates: '^i Republican, James G. Blaine, John 

L A. Logan. 

Question at Issue : Civil Service. 

Result: Democrats victorious for first time in 2*i 
years. 

Cleveland's Administration. 

1885— 

President : Grover Cleveland, of Xew Y^rk. 

Vice-President : Thos. A. Hendricks, of Indiana. 

Tirne : 

Politics : Democratic. 

Administration : satisfactory. 

Important Events : deaths of General Grant, Yice- 
President Hendricks, John A. Logan, ex-President 
Arthur; Presidential succession law; earthquake 
shocks in the South ; strikes and labor troubles ; Fish- 
ery treaty with England ; difficulties with Chinese in 
the West ; Civil Service policy ; veto of Dependent 
Pension Bill ; tariff question. 



PRESIDENTS AND VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE 
UNITED STATES. 



No. 


Presidents. 


Res. 


Inaug. 


Time. 


Vice-Pkesidents 


1 


George Washington 


Va. 


1789 


8 yrs. 


John Adams. 


2 


John Adams. 


Mass. 


1797 


4 " 


Thomas Jefferson. 


3 


Thos. Jefferson. 


Va. 


1801 


8 " 


Aaron Burr. 
George Clinton. 


4 


James Madison. 


Va. 


1809 


8 " 


George Clinton. 
Elbridge Gerry. 


5 


James Monroe. 


Va. 


1817 


8 " 


Dan. D. Tompkins 


6 


John Q. Adams. 


Mass. 


1825 


4 " 


John C. Calhoun. 


7 


Andrew Jackson. 


Tenn. 


1829 


8 " 


John C. Calhoun. 
Mar. Van Buren. 


8 


Martin Yan Buren. 


N. Y. 


1837 


4 " 


Rich. M. Johnson. 


9 


Wm. H. Harrison. 


Ohio. 


1841 


1 mo. 


John Tyler. 


10 


John Tyler. 


Va. 


1841 


3 yr. 
10 mo. 
26 da. 




11 


James K. Polk. 


Tenn. 


1845 


4 3'rs. 


George M. Dallas. 


12 


Zachar}^ Taylor. 


Lou. 


1849 


1 yr. 
4 mo. 
23 da. 


Millard Fillmore. 


13 


Millard Fillmore. 


N. Y. 


1850 


2 yrs. 
7 mo. 
23 da. 




14 


Franklin Pierce. 


N. H. 


1853 


4 yrs. 


Wm. R. King. 


15 


James Buchanan. 


Penn. 


1857 


4 " 


J. C. Breckinridge. 


16 


Abraham Lincoln. 


111. 


1861 


4 yrs. 

I mo. 

II da. 


Hannibal Hamlin. 
Andrew Johnson. 


17 


Andrew Johnson. 


Tenn. 


1865 


3 yrs. 
10 mo. 
17 da. 




18 


Ulysses S. Grant. 


111. 


1869 


8 yrs. 


Schuyler Colfax. 
Henry Wilson. 


19 


Rutherf'dB. Hayes 


Ohio. 


1877 


4 " 


Wm. A. Wheeler. 


20 


James A. Garfield. 


Ohio. 


1881 


6 mo. 
15 da. 


Chester A. Arthur. 


21 


Chester A. Arthur. 


N. Y. 


1881 


3 yrs. 
5 mo. 
15 da. 




22 


Grover Cleveland. 


N. Y. 


1885 




T. A. Hendricks. 



(60) 



PRESIDENTS AND VICE-PRESIDENTS, CONTINIKD. 



Prebidents. 


Born. 


Died. 


Last Resting 






Pl.\ce. 




When. 


Where. 




George Washinglon 


1732. 


Va. 


1799. 


Mt. Vernon, Va. 


John Adams. 


1735. 


Mas.s. 


1826. 


Quincy, Mass. 


Thomas .TrtTiTson. 


1743. 


Va. 


1826. 


Monticello, Va. 


James Madison. 


1751. 


Va. 


1830. 


Montpclier, Va. 


James Monroe. 


1758. 


Va. 


1831. 


Hollywood C, Rich- 
mond, Va. 


John i}. Adams. 


1707. 


Mass. 


1848. 


Quinc}', Mass. 


Anchvw Jackson. 


17G7. 


N. C. 


1845. 


In the i^arden of 
the "Hermitage," 
ncarNashville.Tenn. 


Martin Van Buren. 


1782. 


N. Y. 


1862. 


Kinderhook, N. Y. 


Wm. II. Harrison. 


1773. 


Va. 


1841. 


North Bend, Ohfo. 


John Tyler. 


1790. 


Va. 


1862. 


Hollywood C, Rich- 
mond, Va.. ten 
yds. from Monroe. 


James K, Polk. 


1795. 


N. C. 


1849. 


In his garden, Nash- 
vilkC Tenn. 


Zachary Taylor. 


1748. 


Va. 


1850. 


Cave Hill C, Louis- 
ville, Ky. 


Millard Fillmore. 


1800. 


N. Y. 


1874. 


Forest Lawn C, 
Buffalo, N. Y. 


Fraidilin Pierce. 


1804. 


N. II. 


1869. 


Concord, N. II. 


James Buclianan. 


1791. 


Penn. 


1868. 


Woodward Hill C, 
Lancaster, Pa. 


Abraham Lincoln. 


1809. 


Ky. 


1865. 


Oak Ridge C, 
Springfield, Ohio. 


Andrew Johnson. 


1808. 


N. C. 


1875. 


Greenville, Tenn. 


Ulysses 8. Grant. 


1822. 


Ohio. 


1885. 


Riverside Park, 










N. Y. City. 


Rnthcrf'dB. Hayes. 


1822. 


Ohio. 






James A. Garfield. 


1831. 


Ohio. 


1881. 


Lake View C, 
Cleveland, Ohio. 


Chester A. Arthur. 


1830. 


Vt. 


1886. 


Rural C. Albany, 
X. Y. 


G rover Cleveland. 


1837. 


N. J. 







(61) 



TERRITORY ACQUIRED BY THE UNITED STATES. 



Date. 


Territory. 


How ACQUIRED. 


From whom 


1775 1 

1783 f 

1787 


Thirteen Original 
States. 


Revolutionary War. 


England. 


N. W. Territory. 


Ceded. 


Original 








States. 




S. W. Territory. 


Ceded. 


Original 
States 


1803 


Louisiana, 


Purchased $15,000,000. 


France. 


1809 


Florida. 


Purchased |5, 000, 000. 


Spain. 


1845 


Texas. 


Annexed. 


Texas. 


1789) 
1846 f 


Oregon. 


Exploration and 






occupancy. 




1848 


California. 


Treaty and Purchase 
$18,500,000. 


Mexico. 


1853 


Gadsden. 


Purchased $10,000,000. 


Mexico. 


1867 


Alaska. 


Purchased $7,200,000. 


' Russia. 



(63) 



SLAVERY. 63 



SLAVERY. 



Introduced into Virginia, 1619. 
Introduced into New Netherlands, 1626. 
Negro Plot in New York, 17-11. 
Extent, existed in all colonies till 17S0. 
Gradually abolished by Northern States after 1780. 
Importation of slaves forbidden ISOS. 
All States North of Mason and Dixon's" line, 39°,. 
43', 26.3", free, 1820. 

Missouri Compromise, 1820. 
Texas admitted as a slave State, 1845. 
Wilmot Proviso, 1846. 
Omnibus bill, 1850. 
Kansas-Nebraska bill, 1854. 
Civil War in Kansas, 1855-1860. 
Dred Scott Decision, 1857. 
Personal Liberty Bills, 1857. 
John Brown's Raid, 1859. 
Election of Lincoln, 1860. 
Emancipation Proclamation, 1863. 
Thirteenth Amendment, 1865. 
Fourteenth Amendment, 1868. 
Fifteenth Amendment, 1870. 



'64: INVENTIONS. 



NOTABLE AMERICAN INTENTIONS. 



Open stove, Benjamin Franklin, 1742. 

Identity of lightning and electricity discovery, Ben- 
jamin Franklin, 1752. 

Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney, 1793. 

Steamboat, Eobert Fulton, 1806. 

First locomotive in America for railroad purposes, 
Peter Cooper, 1830. 

Eeaper, Cyrus H. McCormick, 1831. 

Telegraph, S. F. B. Morse, 1st message, 1811:. 

Sewing Machine, Elias Howe, 1846. 

Cylinder Press, Richard M. Hoe, 1847. 

Mowing Machine, W. A. Wood, 1854. 

Atlantic Cable, due to Cyrus W. Field, 1866. 

Telephone, Henry Graham Bell, 1875. 

Ph(5nograph, Thomas A. Edison, 1877. 

lElectric Light, Thomas A. Edison, 1879. 



PROMINENT STATESMEN. 65- 



prominp:nt American statesmen. 

ASIDE FROM THE PRESIDENTS. 



Patrick Ilenrj. 
Samuel Adams. 
James Otis. 
Josiali Quincy. 
John Hancock. 
Benjamin Franklin. 
Alexander Hamilton. 
John Jay. 
John C. Calhoun. 
Daniel Webster. 
Henry Chiy. 
Robert Y. Hayne. 
Stephen A. Douglas. 
Charles Sumner. 
William H. Seward. 
Thomas Bayard. 
W. M. Eva'rts. 
Roscoe Conkling. 



m 



PROMINENT AMERICAN WRITERS. 



A PAETIAL LIST OF PKOMINENT 
AMEEICAN WEITEES. 



Historians : 

Washington Irving. 

W. H. Prescott. 

J. L. Motley. 

George Bancroft. 

Benjamin J. Lossing. 
Novelists : 

James Fenimore Cooper. 

E"athaniel Hawthorne. 

W. D. Howells. 
Poets : 

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. 

Oliver Wendell Homes. 

James Eussell Lowell. 

William Cullen Bryant. 

John Greenleaf Whittier. 
Essayists : 

Edward Everett. 

Ealph Waldo Emerson. 
Journalists : 

J. G. Holland. 

Charles Dudley Warner. 



BOOKS TO BE READ. 



BOOKS AND POEMS TO EEAD IN CONNEC- 
TION WITH UNITED STATES HISTORY. 



Landing of tlie Pilii:rinis, llemans. 

Evangeline, Longfellow. 

Courtship of Miles Standish, Longfellow. 

Last of the Mohicans, Cooper. 

Warren's Address, Pierpont. 

Paul Revere's Ride, Longfellow. 

Gertrude of Wyoming, Campbell. 

Ichabod, Holmes. • 

Biglow Papers, Lowell. 

Sheridan's Ride, Read. 

Barbara Frietchie, Whittier. 

Centennial Hymn, Whittier. 

American Flag, Drake. 

Ramona, Helen Hunt Jackson. 



68 NATIONAL SONGS. 



OUR I^ATIOIN^AL SONGS. 



Yankee Doodle, Dr. Shacksbiirg, 1775, Eevolution- 
ary War. 

Hail Columbia, Joseph Hopkinson, 1798. 

Star Spangled Banner, Frances S. Key, 1864. 

Home, Sweet Home, John Howard Payne, about 
1818. 

Old Folks at Home, Stephen C. Foster. 

Dixie, Dan Emmet, 1869. 

Battle Cry of Freedom, George F. Eoot, Civil War. 

Tramp, Tramp, Tramp, George F. Root, Civil War. 

Marching thro' Georgia, Henry C. Work, Civil 
War. 

Maryland My Maryland, James R. Randall, Civil 
War. 

John Brown's Body, authorship disputed, Civil War. 



THE SCHOOL BULLETIN PUBLICATIONS, 



Marenholz-Buelow (Baroness) The School Work-shop. Translated by 

JNIiss Susan E. Blow. Paper, 16mo, pp. 27 15 

Maps* for the WalA. New York Utate, revised to the present time, 
colored by counties and towns. 2;4x3feet. Paper, SI. 00 Cloth.. ...' 2 00 

The Same, 68x74 inches, cloth 10 00 

United States, colored by States and counties, '6^x5 feet, with Chart 3 00 

Dissected M aps. United States sawn into States 75 

— Also, New York State sawn into Counties 75 

Maudsley (H.) Sex in Mind and Education. Paper, l6mo, pp. 42 15 

Meiklejohn (J, M. D.) The New Education. 16mo. pp. 35 15 

Michael (O. S.) Algebra for Beginners. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 120 75 

Miller (Warner.) Educatvm as a Dep't of Government. Paper, 8vo, pp. 12. 15 

Milton (John) A Small Tractate of Education. Paper, 16mo, pp. 26 15 

Mottoes for the School Room. Per set of 24, 12 cards, 7x14 1 00 

Natural History of the State of New York. 26 volumes 4to. We always 
have complete sets and single volumes. 

Reports on the Cabinet of Natural History 35 volumes, 8vo, and 4to. 

Write for information as to the above. 

New York State Examination Questions. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 256 50 

Northam (Henry C.) Civil Government for Common Schools. Cloth, 

16mo, pp. 185 75 

Fixing the Facts of American History. Cloth. 12mo, pp. 3no 75 

Conversational Lessons Leading to Geography. 16mo, pp. 39 25 

Northend (Chas.) Memory Selections from nearly 150 authors, for use in 
schools and families. 36 Cards in Box, 3x5 in. Three series, Primary, 

Intermediate, Advanced. Each 25 

Northrop (B. G.) High Schools. Paper,8vo, pp. 26 25 

Northrup (A- J.) Camps and Tramps in the Adlrondacks. 16mo, pp. 302. 

Paper, So cents ; in Cloth 1 25 

Number Lessons. On card -board, 7x11, after the Grube Method 10 

Payne (Joseph.) Lectures on the Art of Education. Cloth, Bvo, pp. 384... 1 50 

The same. Ptcading-Club Edition with full analyses. Clotli,16mo, pp. 281. 1 00 

Payne (W. H.) A Short History of Education. Cloth, 16mo, pp. 105.... 50 

Pedagogical Biography 16md, paper, each. . 15 

1. The Jesuits, Ascham, Montaisrne, Ratich, Milton. 
II. John Amos Comenius. III. John Locke. 

IV. Jean Jacques Rousseau. V. John Bernard Basedow. 
VI. Joseph Jacotot. VH. John Henry Pestalozzi. 

Periodicals. The School Bulletin. Monthly, 16 pp., 10x14. Per year 1 00 

Bound Vols. I-XIII. Cloth, 200pp., each 2 00 

The School Room. Bound volumes I- V. Each 150 

Phillips (Philip.) Song Life. Oblong, boards, pp. 176 50 

Pooler (Chas. T.) Chart of Civil Government. Cloth 25 

The Same, in sheets 12x18. per hundred 5 00 

Hints on Teaching Orthoepy. Paper, 12mo, p]). 15 10 

Postage-Stamp P/iotoerra/v/j.s. Taken from photograph of any size. Per 100. 1 50 

Quick (R. H.) Essaus on Educational Reformers. Cloth. 12mo, pp., 331 1 50 

♦Regents' Examination Paper. Six styles. Per ream, §1.75 to 2 50 

Regents' Examination Record. Cards, per hundred 50 

The same on sheets 5 to page, 72 pages for 720 scholars, bound, — 2 50 

The same on sheet 5 to page. 144 pages for 1440 scholars, bound 3 00 

Regents' Examination Syllabus, published two months before each ex- 
amination in American and in English History, on the special topic 

given. Paper, 8 vo, pp 4-6, per dozen 50 

Regents' Questions. To J"(me, 1882. [No later are printed). Eleven Editions. 

1. Complete with Key. The Regents' Questions from the first exam- 
ination in 1866. Being the Questions for the pr(diminary examinations 
for admission to the University of the State of New York, prepared by 
the Regents of the University, and participated i)i simultaneously by 
more than 250 academies, forming a basis for the distribution of more 
than a million of dollars. Cloth, l6mo, pp. 476 2 00 

2. Complete. The same as the above but without the answers. Pp. 333. 1 00 

d. Arithmetic. The 1,293 questions in Arithmetic. Pp.93 25 

-1. Key to Arithmetic, Answers to the above. Manilla, 16mo, pp. 20. . . . 25 
5. Thousand Regents' Que.^tions in Arithmetic, printed on 500 slips of 

card-board, with book containing the (^)uestions with Key 1 00 

Q. Geography, The 1,987 questions in Geography. Pp.70 25 

7. Key to Geography. Answers to the above. Manilla, l6mo, pp. 36. . . . 25 

8. Grammar. The 2,976 questions in Grammar. Manilla, 16mo, pp. 109 25 



C. W. HAUDHKN, rUHLISIlKU, SYUACL'SE, N. Y. 



9. Grawwar and Kty. The 2,97(J (juestlotis In {iriinimar, with com- 

pU*t«' K»*y. iiiirt rt'fereiR'es. (Moth, l»5nio, pp. 198 100 

11. K<u to (Inimmar. Manilla, It'mio, |»p. HS 25 

h). Siniliiiii. Till' 4,so(i wonts ^ivcii 111 Spt'llint,'. Manilla. H5ino, pp. 01. Z5 

KiflmrdHoii (1^. W.) I^(irnin{j (inii HtiiUh. TaptT. ItJnii), pp. SW 15 

K<»o (Martlia. I .1 ll''^r/i i;i yuinl>er, for .Junior Classes in (Jratled Schools. 

Clotli. iJiiio. j.p. lt)(i 50 

KoKet (!'. .M.I l'liis(iuntj< of Knulixh Wordbf and Phnuex. Entirely new 

t'lhlioii. Clolh, 12mo. pp. 8()() 2 00 

Kyjiii i<i. \V.) Sch(H)l liK'ntii. !}('> blanks on eacli of 14 sheets 50 

SHiiforii (II. li.) Till n^ord Method in jyumticr. A system of teachlnc 
Hapitl Numerical Coinhinatioiis. Ter box of 45 cards, printed on both 

sides 50 

Si-hool Kooin c;lnHHicH. 11 vols. I'aper, Khno, pp. about 40 15 



VII. Milton's Tractate nf Education. 

V'lll. \'on liiielow's Nc/ioo? H'or/.-s/io;). 

IX. Matidsley's Sex in Mind and in 

tklncation. 
X. Education asVicwed hy Thinkers. 
XI. Harris's Htno to Teach Natural 
Science in the Putdic School.^. 

pp 16. Per dozen 50 

Sht^rrill (.1. K.) The Normal Question Booh. Cloth. 12nio, pp. 405 1 50 

♦Slate Pencil lUaektuiard Slatin{]. (lallons, covering ()()U ft , one coat 10 00 



lliiiitliiKltiirs r nconscioux Tuition 
II. I-'itcli's Artoi Questioning. 
Ill Kennedy's Ptiilo!<(>}diy of School 

/>(.Nri/)h/if'. 
IN'. Kiteh's Art of Securing AVention. 
v. Ideliardsons J.earniim and Health. 
VI. Meikeljohn's New Education. 
Shaw's Scholar's liigislcr. Taper, 5x7 



Stated Paper, per sipiare yaril lif by mail, 60 cts) 

SoniberRer (S. .1.) Normal Lanuuaiie Z,e.sxo7ts, beiiiK tlie instruction in 
KaiiKiia^je given in the State Normal Scliool at Cortland, N. Y. Boards, 
ItJiuo, pp. 75 

Southwick (A. P.) Twenty Dime Question Books, with full answers, notes, 
tpierie.s\ etc. Paper, Kiino, pp. about 40. Each 



Kleiiientary Series. 

3. Physiology. 

4. Theorv aiid Practice. 

6. U.S. liistory and Civil Gov't. 
10. Algebra. 

13. American Literature. 

14. (irammar. 

15. Orthographvaiid Ktvmology 

18. Arithmetic, 

19. Physical and Political (ieog, 

20. Keading and Piiiicliiation. 
The 10 111 one book, clotli. .■?1.0o. 



Advanced Series. 

1. Physics. 

2. (Jeneral Literature, 
5. (ieneral History. 

7, Astronomy, 

8, Mythology. 

9, Uhetoric. 

11. Potany. 

12. Zoology, 

16. Chemistry. 

17, (ieology. 
Tlie 10 in one book, cloth, $1.00, 



25 



Quizzi.sm. <^uirks and (^iiibi)les from Queer Quarters. 16mo, pp. 25 

A Quiz Book of Thconj and Practice 1 00 

Starkweather ^Asherl An Aid to English Grammar. 16mo, pp. 216 75 

StraiKht (II. IL) Practical Aspects of Indu.strial Education. Paper, 

'^vo. pp. 12 

Swett (.lohn) Manual of Elocution. Cloth, 12mo, i)p. 300, »er 

Tate (Tlios.) The Philosojdiy of Education With an introduction by 

<'<)]. F. \V. Parker. Cloth, 12ino. pp. S3i). Only complete edition.. 

Taylor (H. V.) Unnm School li- cord rv/n/.s 5x8 inches. I'er hundred 

Tearhers' r\»n/rrir/.s. Prepared according to tlie law of the State of New 

Voik, am) reipiired for every public school engagement. Per pair 

Tluintas f I'bivel S.) I' niversit]i Degrees. Pa|ier. ItJmo. pji. 40 

Th<>in]>s<>n (D'Arcv W.) Day Dn<iins of a Schoolmaster. IGmo, pp. 3'28. .. 

ThoiisHiiii OueHtlonn i/t fJ. N. History. Cloth. Itiliio. pp. 200 

Tillin-lijist rWm.i The Diadem of School Songs. Hoards, -Ito, pp. 160. ... 

IJiiil«Txv.)o«l (L. M.) Systematic Plant Record. Manilla, 7x8>.i pp. 52 

Valentine (S. Louise) Numbers Made Easy. ;«30 s<iuares of Colored 

Carhoiird, in box. with Kev, 

Van WIe (C. P, ) (jutlines and Questions in U. S. History. Paper, 16mo, 

lip. 4.) and map 

Welch ( Kmma A.i Tntrrmcdiate Arithmetic Problems, for Jtinior Classes. 

Cloth, Uimo, pp. PH) ■ 

/\V;/ to tlie above. Cloth. 16mo. pp. 30 50 

Pnlimiitary Pmblrms, for vounger grades. Clotli, iGmo, j)p. 72 50 

Itnth Serirx in one volume." Cloth, Mmo, pp. 172 75 

WilliauiH (Ceo. .\.) Tojncs and l{eferencrs in American History, with nu- 
merous Search Questions. Cloth. Kimo, pp. 50 50 



15 

1 50 

1 50 
.2 CO 

10 
15 
1 25 
1 (Kl 
50 
SO 

50 

15 

50 



